From Byzantium to Muslim-Turkish Anatolia
Transformation, Frontiers, Diplomacy, and Interaction, Eleventh to Twelfth Centuries
abstract
This article gives a survey of key factors and major stages of transformation which explain how the eastern provinces of the Byzantine Empire in the course of the 11th and 12th centuries developed into a highly fragmented political landscape dominated by Muslim-Turkish principalities. Apart from pointing out changing structures and political constellations during the period in question, the article focuses especially on the formation of a new frontier in Western Asia Minor, aspects of Byzantine-Turkish diplomacy, and forms of interaction between Byzantines, Anatolian Christians, and Turks.
Keywords: Asia Minor • Interaction • Byzantium • Diplomacy • borderland/frontier • diplomacy • Turks • Borderland/Frontier • interaction