As Richard Burton and Marie-Christine Rochman have shown respectively in Le roman marron (1997) and in L’esclave fugitif dans la littérature antillaise (2000), the maroon is an omnipresent character in French Caribbean literature. Both scholars depict the maroon as a mythical figure that serves as a symbol of rebellion against the colonial system. In 2005, the movie Nèg Maron is released in France, giving the audience a new representation of the maroon in a film that leads to a new kind of marronnage based on a realisation of Guadeloupe’s colonial history as a physical one. By establishing some parallels between the movie and literature, I will show how we have moved on from the old depiction of the maroon in the context of slavery to a more contemporary portrait of Caribbean life in the French Antilles, and a new mode of resistance, which takes place, as Édouard Glissant and Patrick Chamoiseau have suggested, on a collective imaginary level as well as on a more concrete one.