Reports from the non-German Speaking Parts of Austria-Hungary
abstract
The bishops of Austria-Hungary presented themselves as very keen in fulfilling the regulations of Pascendi, but they almost unanimously emphasized that there was no trace of ‘modernism’ to be found in theology or the ecclesiastical discipline within their respective dioceses. The term ‘modernism’ was mainly used to refer to a so-called ‘practical modernism’, i.e. a ‘liberal’ way of life in the parishes, to describe political and social movements (primarily the Christian Social Party, but also movements of national independence as in Bohemia) or, as in a few cases, to label criticism of ecclesiastical authorities.
Keywords: Slovakia • Modernism • Galicia (Poland) • Hungary • Czechia • Croatia