As the late Italian MP had foreseen before the beginning of the war, the ethnic conflict in former Yugoslavia was devastating and left deep wounds, some of them still open today. Meanwhile new problems have emerged in Bosnia: migration issues, Islamist radicalism, the role of foreign powers. The process of integration in the EU, started in 2008, has slowed down, mainly due to Bosnian politics still stuck at an ‘ethnic’ stage. Only Bosnian, Serbian and Croatians are represented in the government, while the High Representative for Bosnia and PIC (Peace Implementation Council) often conflict with it. Although Bosnian residents were granted free visas for the EU in 2011, in 2015 the country was invited to reform its constitution and include all minorities in the government in order to speed the integration. In fact, electoral, economic and social reforms are urgently needed to change politics from an imposed order to an agreed and shared one, from an ethnic federalism to a regional federalism.