Not Only ravī. The Other Letters of the Rhyme in the Muʿǧam fī maʿāyīr ašʿār al-ʿaǧam by Šams al-Dīn Muḥammad b. Qays al-Rāzī
abstract
In his treatise on Persian literary theory, al-Muʿǧam fī maʿāyīr ašʿār al-ʿaǧam, Šams-i Qays (13th century) claims that a poem without the main rhyming letter (ravī) is not a poem. However, this letter is not the only recurring letter at the end of the lines of a Persian poem. Šams-i Qays discusses eight other letters (ridf, qayd, taʾsīs, daxīl, vaṣl, xurūǧ, mazīd, and nāyira) as he determines the length and the possible patterns of a Persian rhyme (qāfiya). In this paper, I aim to improve our understanding of the linguistic rationale behind the taxonomy of Persian rhyming letters by providing an annotated Italian translation of relevant passages from the Muʿǧam.
Keywords: Ḥurūf-i qāfiya • Rhyme • Persian language • Šams-i Qays • Persian poetry