Marco Polo

Studies in Global Europe-Asia Connections

Colouring the Body

Pigments, Symbolism, and Beauty Practices in Ancient Afghan Buddhist Art

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Abstract

This paper examines the role of colour, pigments, and ornamentation in Afghan Buddhist clay and stucco sculpture (4th-8th c. AD). Moving beyond purely symbolic interpretations, it considers pigments both as precious materials and as elements of visual experience. The relationship between sculptural ornamentation, real objects, and broader visual traditions receives particular attention. The study also investigates whether pigment choices may reflect culturally embedded ideals of beauty and bodily appearance, including practices comparable to the use of cosmetics, thereby opening new perspectives on artistic production, material culture, and perceptions of the body.


open access | peer reviewed

Submitted: Aug. 11, 2026 | Published Forthcoming | Language: en

Keywords Ornamentation • Bodily appearance • Pigments • Beauty • Cosmetic practice • Buddhist art