The debate on welfare systems, in the current context, requires a comparison with the political theme of sustainability-compatibility both on a national and a European level. Health, in Italy, is a fundamental social right of the Individual, considered both as a human being and as a person belonging to a system organized in society. The implementation of this principle is a general interest of the entire society; nevertheless, the economic crisis and the welfare systems, widespread throughout Europe, are weakening the protection of this right. The risk that can result is the increase in inequality, especially in contexts of greater social vulnerability. The evolution of the welfare system, the expansion of freedom and individual rights’ claim point at a possible contradiction with the concept/value of solidarity. Thus, there comes a model of society characterized by its urging the nancial sustainability of the welfare state and the risk of reduction of the rights to health and social services.